History of Germany

History of Germany

 

History of Germany
Between 1815 - 1866 formed the so-called German Balkonfdralah, then the German Empire (1871 - 1918) and then the Weimar Republic (1919 - 1933) was followed by the rule of Hitler and the establishment of Nazi Germany (1933 - 1945), which ended at the end of the Second World War and the loss of Germany and the destruction of most of its infrastructure. War also resulted in the division of Germany between the two camps of the Soviet Communist and Western liberal camp became Germany consists of West Germany or the Federal Republic of Germany and East Germany, or DDR Democratic Republic of Germany. Division continued until 1990, which saw the collapse of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet UnionGermanic ethnic supposedly emerged during the Northern Bronze Age, or at the latest during the pre-Roman Iron Age. Southern Scandinavia and northern Germany, the tribes began in the south and east and westward expansion in the first century BC, the Celts contact with tribes Algolah as well as Iranian tribes, Baltic, Slavic and Eastern Europe. Not much is known about the early German history, only through historical facts recorded to interact with the Romanian Empire Under the leadership of the Roman general Caesar Augustus invade Germania (began a term used by the Romans to the definition of land that stretches roughly from the Rhine to the Ural Mountains), and in this period was the Germanic tribes wrestle with the Romans to maintain tribal identity to their tribes. Modern Germany, stretching between the Rhine and the Danube, Romania remained outside the empire. With the year 100 AD, Germanic tribes settled along the Rhine and the Danube River, and occupies an area of ​​more than modern Germany. Third century has witnessed the emergence of a large number of West Germanic tribes such as: Alolamaon, Franks, Alkhatyon, Saxons, Frisians and Altorangion. About the year 260, the Germanic peoples broke lime and the Danube River on the border in territory controlled by the Romanian EmpireMiddle agesThe Charlemagne or Charles the Great (Karl der Große), who hails from the Germanic tribes to establish the Kingdom of the Franks. Then Caesar was crowned as the first Western Empire (800 AD), he contended that the revival of the Romanian empire that spent by barbarians three centuries ago. However, the nascent empire did not last long, after the latter's death his three sons sharing Kingdom, only two of these kingdoms Amrta, the Kingdom of the West Franks (Westfrankenreich), known after the name of France, and the Kingdom of the East Franks (Ostfrankenreich), which formed what is now Germany.Otto I conquers the king of Italy Berngr (h manuscript 1200 m)According to the current norms is considered the date of February 2 962 m agree with the birth of either known today in Germany, in this day, the same was crowned King Otto I the Great (Otto I.) His Kingdom East Frankish emperor or tsar on the country and held ceremonies coronation in Rome as was the case with Charles the great.Western Frankish kingdom evolved into a national state -vrence-, while provincial leaders dominated in the Eastern Kingdom on land and boarded it. Despite attempts by the Tsar to regain control of the territory of the Kingdom, the continued disintegration process and the independence of the provinces in what became called a formality Romania Germanic Holy Empire (Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation), and formed cities declared its independence and sovereignty. I knew that the name of the free imperial cities (Freie Reichsstadt). Despite the reforms and the Thirty Years War or the emperor remained Tsar ruled only nominally.The monk Martin Luther publishing theses of 95 in 1517, and challenged the Romanian Catholic Church practices, and initiate Albrocstanti.alknysh Lutheran separate reform became the official religion in many German states after the year 1530. The religious conflict of the Thirty Years War from 1618 to 1648, which was destroyed in the land German . The number of the population of the German states by about 30% because of the war. In 1648 a Peace of Westphalia and has a religious war ended in the German states, but in fact was divided into many independent Emirates and the US EmpireFirst Reich and the German FederationNaming Reich appeared for the first time in 962, after the coronation of Otto I the Great, who, relying on Reich East Franconia region. 1512 year Reich became the name of the Holy Roman Reich of the German Nation, as an expression of succession Tsar old Romanian Empire, and also to express the sacred character of Caesar. This Reich has lasted for more than eight centuries until the reign of France second.Germany, Franz was second (Franz II lasted divided into independent principalities and the US until 1806) tsar Austria (since 1804) also carry the title of Germanic Emperor (monopolized the family Alhbsburg this title centuries ago). Napoleon began his campaign to Europe, and was able to post threats and pressures to force Frantz second to relinquish his throne Germanic. This event served as the death of the first empire founded by the great Otto certificate. When the invasion of the country, Napoleon spent on the independence of the big cities (the number of free cities amounted to about eighty 80 cities), and contributed, albeit inadvertently pushed into the path of unity. Re Vienna (Wiener Kongress Conference) emphasis on this unit, agreed to 38 of these cities (German) on the contract, including the Union, was formed German Association (Deutscher Bund) was placed under the management of Austria temporarily.After the 1848 revolution, the region's rising power and valuable Prussia began a violent struggle with major Germanic powers: Austria. Stated goal is the control of the German Association. Conflict eventually led to the outbreak of the war, the German-German (Deutsch-Deutscher Krieg) between the two countries in 1866. War tipped Prussia. Association has been resolved and included all the cities north of the Association and the anti-Prussia to the latter. Was that the shrinking number of independent cities, in contrast, increased the scope of the Prussian state.New German UnionNew German Union began to take shape at an accelerated pace, Prussia was leading the operation, led by Bismarck, encompassing both Petty and the German cities north of the old German Empire. Then the German-French war in 1870/71, and was the triumph of Prussia again became the main force in Europe. King of Prussia Wilhelm I (Wilhelm I) declared himself tsar on Germany. This period, known as the Second Empire. Although these tried to show itself as a successor for the first Empire (founded by Otto I), but the two countries' border were different. New Empire annexed new land, including Russia itself, these were not among the first state, and then, starting in 1880 acquired Germany on many colonies in Africa and Asia.With the November Revolution (1918) ended the era of the monarchy in both Germany and Austria together. Isolate the Tsar and Germany became a democratic parliamentary republic. After the Versailles conference, several German regions truncated in favor of the victorious Allies, Alsace-Lorraine (Elsaß-Lothringen) annexed to France, Belgium got Oeben-Malmedy County (Eupen-Malmedy), part of the Cassadg (Schleswig) went to Denmark, counties Posen (Posen) and East Prussia (Westpreußen) and the surrounding areas are all Zht to Poland, also obtained other emerging countries on other areas like Lithuania and Cklovakia. Finally shared by France and Britain, the German colonies in Africa and the world.Known as the Weimar Republic (Weimarer Republik), which is the name given to the German government for the period between the wars, known as a shift from democratic governance to authoritarian rule, he was the republic to get rid of restrictions and conditions laid down by the Treaty of Versailles, which led to the difficult economic conditions. All of these conditions have created the necessary climate for the arrival of Adolf Hitler to power by the year 1933. The latter has created a tool that enabled him to reach the goal, the German National Socialist Labor Party (Nationalsozialistischen Deutschen Arbeiterpartei) and who later shortened to "Nazi"